The Clause

What is a clause?

Definition

A clause is a grammatical unit that

Includes, at minimum, a predicate and an explicit or implied subject, and
expresses a proportion.
Examples (English)

The following example sentence contains two clauses:
It is cold, although the sun is shining.
The main clause is it is cold and the subordinate clause is although the sun is shining.

Kinds

Here are some kinds of clauses:

What is an adverbial clause?
What is a coordinate clause?
What is an equative clause?
What is an existential clause?
What is a final clause?
What is a finite clause?
What is a main clause?
What is a marking clause?
What is a medial clause?
What is a nominal clause?
What is a nonfinite clause?
What is a reference clause?
What is a relative clause?
What is a subordinate clause?